Marka; bir i\u015fletmenin mal veya hizmetlerini bir ba\u015fka i\u015fletmenin mal veya hizmetlerden ay\u0131rt etmeyi sa\u011flamas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla her t\u00fcrl\u00fc i\u015faretlerdir. \u00d6zetle, bir markan\u0131n amac\u0131 di\u011fer i\u015fletmelerden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fletmeler markalar\u0131n\u0131n 3. ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan haks\u0131z kazan\u00e7 elde edilmesi amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in markalar\u0131n\u0131 tescil ettirirler. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle ekonomik de\u011feri ve tan\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek markalar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir durumdur. Tescil ettirilen markalar \u2018\u2019\u00fclkesellik prensibi\u2019\u2019 gere\u011fince tescil ettirildikleri \u00fclkelerde korunurlar. S\u0131nai M\u00fclkiyet Kanunu\u2019nda ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019na tescil edilen markalar \u00fclkesellik prensibinin istisnas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Markan\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a bu koruma alan\u0131 da artar. Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f marka kavram\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 ve kriterleri ne 556 Say\u0131l\u0131 KHK’de ne de taraf oldu\u011fumuz tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f markalarla ilgili uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalarda g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015ftir. Konuyla ilgili tan\u0131m doktrin ve mahkeme i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131nca belirlenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 13.03.1998 g\u00fcn ve 5647\/1704 say\u0131l\u0131 bir kararda “bir ki\u015fi veya te\u015febb\u00fcse s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya ba\u011fl\u0131, garanti, kalite, kuvvetli reklam ve yayg\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m i\u00e7eren, m\u00fc\u015fteri, akraba, dost ve d\u00fc\u015fman ayn\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, co\u011frafi s\u0131n\u0131r, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve ya\u015f fark\u0131 g\u00f6zetilmeksizin ayn\u0131 \u00e7evredeki insanlar taraf\u0131ndan refleks halinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r” \u015feklinde bir tan\u0131mlama getirmi\u015ftir. Bu kriterlere sahip markalar s\u0131radan markalara g\u00f6re sadece tescil edildi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131f kapsam\u0131nda korumadan de\u011fil daha geni\u015f bir alanda korumadan yararlan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
Fikri M\u00fclkiyet D\u00fcnya \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc markan\u0131n tan\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili yap\u0131lacak incelemede; ilgili sekt\u00f6rde markan\u0131n tan\u0131nma derecesi; markan\u0131n s\u00fcre, yayg\u0131nl\u0131k, co\u011frafi alan itibar\u0131yla her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kullan\u0131m\u0131; markayla ilgili yap\u0131lan rekl\u00e2mlar, tan\u0131t\u0131mlar, markan\u0131n tescillleri ve tescil ba\u015fvurular\u0131, marka haklar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar yani markan\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan davalar veya markan\u0131n benzerini tescil te\u015febb\u00fcslerine kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan itirazlar, yetkili makamlar taraf\u0131ndan markan\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f marka olarak kabul\u00fc, markan\u0131n ekonomik de\u011feri gibi unsurlara dikkat edilebilece\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
YARGITAY HUKUK GENEL KURULU<\/strong> Davac\u0131 \u015firket \u2018\u2019derby\u2019\u2019 ibareli markan\u0131n t\u0131ra\u015f b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 \u00fcreten, daval\u0131 ise \u2018\u2019derbytecht\u2019\u2019 ibaresiyle testere, z\u0131mpara makinesi, keski makinesi, motorlu \u00e7im bi\u00e7me makinesi, ziraat aletleri ve makineleri, makine veya motorla \u00e7ekilen ziraat aletleri, ziraat makineleri” \u00fcreten bir \u015firkettir. Davac\u0131 gerek\u00e7e olarak, \u2018\u2019derby\u2019\u2019 markas\u0131yla ay\u0131rt edilemeyecek kadar benzer oldu\u011funu, tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k d\u00fczeyi sebebiyle de daval\u0131 \u015firket taraf\u0131ndan marka farkl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde kullan\u0131lacak olsa bile \u2018\u2019derby\u2019\u2019markas\u0131n\u0131n itibar\u0131n\u0131n zedelenece\u011fini, t\u00fcketicileri yan\u0131ltaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek bu ibareyle tescil edilmemesini talep etmi\u015ftir. Yarg\u0131tay bu durumun \u2018\u2019haks\u0131z yarar\u2019\u2019 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek, \u2018\u2019tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f markan\u0131n farkl\u0131 grup mal ve hizmetler \u00fczerinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 sebebiyle s\u00f6z konusu mal veya hizmetlerin ortalama t\u00fcketicinin bu markayla tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f marka aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmas\u0131 ve bu ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n yarataca\u011f\u0131 olumlu izlenim ve \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131mla sat\u0131n alma tercihlerine y\u00f6n verilmesi suretiyle tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f markadan haks\u0131z yararlanma sonucuna yol a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklidir.\u2019\u2019 \u015feklinde karar vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n YARGITAY 11. HUKUK DA\u0130RES\u0130<\/strong> Davac\u0131 \u015firket ad\u0131na \u201cBEKO\u201d ibareli markan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7in tescilli oldu\u011fu gibi, davac\u0131n\u0131n markas\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f marka oldu\u011fu, daval\u0131n\u0131n ise \u201cB\u0130KO\u201d ibaresini farkl\u0131 bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 kapsayan hizmetler i\u00e7in tescil ettirdi\u011fi, her iki markan\u0131n ses olarak benzer olduklar\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n \u201cBEKO\u201d markas\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f marka olup, tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f markalar\u0131n farkl\u0131 mal ve hizmetler i\u00e7in de korunaca\u011f\u0131, daval\u0131 \u015firketin \u201cBEKO\u201dnun tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k d\u00fczeyinden yararlanarak haks\u0131z kazan\u00e7 elde edece\u011finin a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7eleriyle, davan\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile daval\u0131 TPE Yeniden \u0130nceleme ve De\u011ferlendirme Kurulu’nun 25.03.2002 g\u00fcn ve M-635 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131n iptaline, daval\u0131 \u015firkete ait hizmet markas\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile sicilden terkinine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n YARGITAY 11. HUKUK DA\u0130RES\u0130<\/strong> Davac\u0131, uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k vasf\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan, TPE taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f marka oldu\u011fu tescil olunan D\u0130DO birka\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131fta tescilli markaya sahiptir. Davac\u0131, haks\u0131z yarar sa\u011flayabilecek farkl\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fta bulunan hizmetleri i\u00e7eren daval\u0131 D\u0130DO B\u0130STRO ibareli marka ba\u015fvurusu yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, TPE Y\u0130DK\u2019nun karar\u0131 ile daval\u0131 markan\u0131n iltibasa sebebiyet verebilecek derecede benzer bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, davac\u0131 ile daval\u0131n\u0131n hedef kitlelerinin farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131 sebebiyle ba\u015fvuru ret edilmi\u015ftir. Mahkemece, davac\u0131n\u0131n D\u0130DO ibareli markalar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f marka oldu\u011fu, \u201cD\u0130DO\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn sunulan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin vas\u0131flar\u0131na uzak, ay\u0131rt edicili\u011fi y\u00fcksek ibare oldu\u011fu, daval\u0131 ba\u015fvurusunun, D\u0130DO s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn as\u0131l ve ay\u0131rt edici unsur oldu\u011fu, B\u0130STRO ibaresinin zaten sekt\u00f6rde s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan bir kelime oldu\u011fu, bu sebeple her iki \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc markay\u0131 farkl\u0131 zamanlarda g\u00f6ren ortalama yararlan\u0131c\u0131 ve al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n i\u015faret ile markay\u0131 her zaman birbirinden ay\u0131rt etmesinin olanaks\u0131z bulundu\u011fu, D\u0130DO i\u015faretinin hayvan bak\u0131m evleri hizmetleri ile ilgili olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren ve davac\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi \u00e7ikolata ve benzeri \u00fcr\u00fcnlerden yararlananlar\u0131n kafas\u0131nda ho\u015f olmayan \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n do\u011fabilece\u011fi; bu meyanda davac\u0131ya ait markan\u0131n, daval\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bir\u00e7ok mal ve hizmetlerde kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde mal ve hizmetten yararlanacak olan t\u00fcketici, bildi\u011fi i\u015fletmenin, farkl\u0131 alanlarda da \u00fcretim ve pazarlama yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yahut hizmet sunmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131, bu \u015fekilde haks\u0131z yarar sa\u011flama, itibar ve rekl\u00e2m g\u00fcc\u00fcne zarar verece\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle davan\u0131n kabul\u00fcne, daval\u0131 ad\u0131na tescil olunan markan\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile sicilden terkinine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Davac\u0131, \u201cKOTON\u201d markas\u0131n\u0131 tekstil alan\u0131nda \u00fcretti\u011fi emtialar \u00fczerinde me\u015fhur hale getirdi\u011fini, daval\u0131n\u0131n \u201c%100 KOTON K\u0130TAP\u201d ibareli markas\u0131 i\u00e7in 16 ve 41. s\u0131n\u0131fta yer alan hizmetlerde ba\u015fvuru yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, markalar aras\u0131nda iltibas riski oldu\u011funu, tescili halinde davac\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan haks\u0131z yarar sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, davaya konu olan markan\u0131n davac\u0131n\u0131n seri markas\u0131 zannedilece\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrerek, TPE Y\u0130DK karar\u0131n\u0131n iptalini ve daval\u0131 markas\u0131n\u0131n sicilden terkinini talep ve dava etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n YARGITAY 11. HUKUK DA\u0130RES\u0130 Daval\u0131 \u015firket, \u201cKOTON\u201d ibaresini 1976 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana ticaret unvan\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 25. s\u0131n\u0131flarda an\u0131lan ibareyi 1986 ve 2001 y\u0131llar\u0131nda tescil ettirdi\u011fini, 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda bas\u0131m-yay\u0131m alan\u0131nda ticari faaliyette bulunmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 nedeniyle dava konusu markay\u0131 tescil ettirdi\u011fini, 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda 41. s\u0131n\u0131fta \u201cKOTON\u201d ibareli ba\u015fka markalar\u0131 da tescil ettirdi\u011fini savunarak davan\u0131n reddini istemi\u015ftir. Mahkemece, daval\u0131n\u0131n 16. s\u0131n\u0131fta yer alan “bas\u0131l\u0131 evraklar; bas\u0131l\u0131 yay\u0131nlar, takvimler, posterler, foto\u011fraflar, afi\u015fler, tablolar, \u00e7\u0131kartmalar, pullar” emtialar\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden, ba\u015fvuru ile davac\u0131n\u0131n markalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ortalama t\u00fcketicileri iltibasa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek derecede bir benzerlik bulundu\u011fu, di\u011fer k\u0131s\u0131m emtialar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ise iltibas tehlikesi olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, daval\u0131 ba\u015fvurusunun davac\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan haks\u0131z yarar sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi, itibar\u0131na zarar verebilece\u011fi veya ay\u0131rt edici karakterini zedeleyici sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilece\u011fi hususunun somut olayda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle davan\u0131n k\u0131smen kabul\u00fcne, an\u0131lan emtialar y\u00f6n\u00fcnden TPE Y\u0130DK karar\u0131n\u0131n iptaline karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n YARGITAY 11. HUKUK DA\u0130RES\u0130<\/strong> Somut uyu\u015fmal\u0131kta, daval\u0131\/birle\u015fen davalarda davac\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f markas\u0131 “KOM\u0130L\u0130” ibaresinden olu\u015fmakta ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 ve zeytinya\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131l\u0131 mamuller bak\u0131m\u0131ndan tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir marka olmakla birlikte davac\u0131\/birle\u015fen davada daval\u0131 …. ad\u0131na tescil ba\u015fvurusuna konu “KOM\u0130L\u0130” esas unsurlu markalar\u0131n tescil kapsamlar\u0131n\u0131n 16. s\u0131n\u0131fta yer alan \u201cka\u011f\u0131t, karton (mukavva) ve bunlardan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnler (k\u0131rtasiye ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler hari\u00e7) ka\u011f\u0131ttan mamul havlular, pe\u00e7eteler, tuvalet ka\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131, mendiller\u201d oldu\u011fu ve “KOM\u0130L\u0130” markas\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sekt\u00f6r ile ba\u015fvurular\u0131n tescilinin talep edildi\u011fi sekt\u00f6rlerin farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu, bu durumda 556 say\u0131l\u0131 KHK’nin 8\/4. maddesindeki ”tescil edilmi\u015f veya tescil i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurusu yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f markan\u0131n, toplumda ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k d\u00fczeyi nedeniyle haks\u0131z bir yarar\u0131n sa\u011flanabilece\u011fi, markan\u0131n itibar\u0131na zarar verebilece\u011fi veya tescil i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurusu yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f markan\u0131n ay\u0131rt edici karakterini zedeleyici sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilece\u011fi” \u015feklinde belirtilen risklerden herhangi birinin somut olayda olu\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zetildi\u011finde as\u0131l davan\u0131n kabul\u00fc ile davac\u0131n\u0131n tescil ba\u015fvurusunu daval\u0131n\u0131n itirazlar\u0131 \u00fczerine reddeden 2013-M-5345 say\u0131l\u0131 Y\u0130DK karar\u0131n\u0131n iptali ile ba\u015fvuru konusu \u201cKOM\u0130L\u0130 YUVAM\u201d markas\u0131n\u0131n tescil i\u015flemlerinin devam\u0131na ve birle\u015fen davalar\u0131n reddine karar verilmesi gerekirken, eksik ve yan\u0131lg\u0131l\u0131 de\u011ferlendirme ile yaz\u0131l\u0131 \u015fekilde h\u00fck\u00fcm kurulmas\u0131 do\u011fru olmam\u0131\u015f, bozmay\u0131 gerektirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131nda kabul etti\u011fi gibi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k ihtimalinin t\u00fcketicilerin hepsinde de\u011fil de bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 dahi bu riskin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul i\u00e7in yeterlidir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f markalar\u0131n marka hukukunda ayr\u0131 bir yeri vard\u0131r. Bu markalar \u00f6zel olarak korunurlar ve markan\u0131n sadece tescil edildi\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7in korunaca\u011f\u0131, \u00fclkesellik ve hatta bir markan\u0131n bir sahibi olur kural\u0131na istisna te\u015fkil ederler.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Marka; bir i\u015fletmenin mal veya hizmetlerini bir ba\u015fka i\u015fletmenin mal veya hizmetlerden ay\u0131rt etmeyi sa\u011flamas\u0131 ko\u015fuluyla her t\u00fcrl\u00fc i\u015faretlerdir. \u00d6zetle, bir markan\u0131n amac\u0131 di\u011fer i\u015fletmelerden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fletmeler markalar\u0131n\u0131n 3. ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan haks\u0131z kazan\u00e7 elde edilmesi amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in markalar\u0131n\u0131 tescil ettirirler. Bu durum \u00f6zellikle ekonomik de\u011feri ve tan\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek markalar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7997,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel-hukuk"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eyuboglubuyukatak.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eyuboglubuyukatak.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eyuboglubuyukatak.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eyuboglubuyukatak.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eyuboglubuyukatak.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8385"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.eyuboglubuyukatak.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8385\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eyuboglubuyukatak.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7997"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.eyuboglubuyukatak.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eyuboglubuyukatak.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.eyuboglubuyukatak.av.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nEsas Numaras\u0131: 2013\/11-656
\nKarar Numaras\u0131: 2014\/427
\nKarar Tarihi: 02.04.2014<\/p>\n
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\nKarar Numaras\u0131: 2004\/948
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\nKarar Tarihi: 20.07.2011<\/p>\n
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\nKarar Numaras\u0131: 2017\/5609
\nKarar Tarihi: 23.10.2017<\/p>\n
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\nKarar Numaras\u0131: 2018\/591
\nKarar Tarihi: 24.01.2018<\/p>\n